Mental health prevention in children and adolescents in the European Union and measures taken in Poland – good practices and limitations

Abstract

Mental health of children and adolescents is one of important issues managed as part of preventive interventions not only in Poland, but throughout the European Union. Many studies have shown continuous deterioration of mental health among children and adolescents. Alarming data have been published by the World Health Organization, which show that up to 20% of children suffer from various types of mental problems, hence the need for interventions that will put an end to this process. The most important target set by the European Union countries is to introduce large-scale multilevel preventive measures aimed at the total population, referred to as universal prevention. In addition to universal prevention, European Union countries, including Poland, implement targeted interventions for those at risk and those already diagnosed, as part of preventive mental health care. These measures are part of the WHO Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan 2013–2030, which encompasses the following objectives: promote mental well-being, enhance recovery, and reduce the mortality, morbidity and disability for persons with mental disorders. This plan was intended to focus on improving mental health care and implementing comprehensive actions at the local level in all European Union countries, which often requires legislative changes in member states. Mental health is becoming the focal point of national and local interventions in Poland. Fast and free access to specialists close to one’s place of residence becomes crucial.