Mental health of Chinese international students: narrative review of experiences in the UK

Abstract

Background: Chinese international students are the largest group of international students in the UK. Although there is considerable research into acculturation and acculturation stress of these students, little is known about their mental health experiences. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was conducted looking at literature published between 2009 –2019 in order to learn more about the mental health experience of Chinese international students in the UK. Results: It is difficult to confirm whether Chinese international students in the UK experience heightened risk of psychological distress, as argued by studies on other countries. However, these students do seem less likely to seek formal mental health support compared to home students, but rather rely more on informal support from friends. While Western mental health models are likely to be favoured by these students, certain cultural beliefs around prevention and cause of mental ill health might be present. Conclusion: Chinese international students in the UK are diverse and we still do not understand enough about their mental health experiences, which is a concern given the continued growth of their numbers. Caution is necessary when interpreting how some cultural factors are reported. China has undergone vast changes in recent years so drawing on studies that date back too far might not accurately capture Chinese youth today. The literature acknowledges that there will be new aspects to the experiences of mental health of these students, including new societal pressures relating to studying abroad. This paper also discusses gaps in our knowledge and practical steps that can be taken to support Chinese international students’ psychological wellbeing while studying in the UK.