Abstract

Paraguay is a landlocked country in South America. It is a democratic low-middle-income nation, and the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare is responsible for its healthcare system. Mental health services receive just 1–2% of healthcare budgets, and there are only 1.6 psychiatrists per 100 000 inhabitants. There are insufficient resources to adequately assess and treat mental disorders in high-risk populations such as children, adolescents and prisoners. Despite several improvements to mental health policies within the past two decades, the nation still lacks a Mental Health Act and specific policies required to optimise the mental health of the population.

Highlights

  • Paraguay is a landlocked country in South America

  • The importance of addressing substance misuse in Paraguay is reflected in the recent attention given to these areas in psychiatric training and research. This overview has revealed a lack of research describing the prevalence of mental disorders in the general population

  • Research into the effectiveness of existing prison mental health services would provide understanding of prison pathways and unmet treatment needs for this growing population

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Summary

Introduction

Paraguay is a landlocked country in South America. It is a democratic low-middle-income nation, and the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare is responsible for its healthcare system. Chaco War and a military dictatorship that ended in 1989, Paraguay is a democratic middle-income nation.[1] Indigenous, colonial and African influences have led to a unique culture reflected in a multi-ethnic population,[1] predominantly identified as ‘mestizo’ (or mixed).[3]. Despite this diversity, 90% of Paraguayans describe themselves as belonging to the Roman Catholic religion.[1] Compared with other South. Despite an increase toward affluence in recent years, over a third of the population still experience poverty, those living in rural areas.[1]

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