Mental Health in Institutionalized Older Adults: Influence of Emotional Intelligence on Psychological Well-Being

Abstract

The present research work is grounded in the question: "Is there a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and psychological well-being in older adults?" In response to this, the hypothesis posits the existence of a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and psychological well-being in older adults. Consequently, the general objective of this study was to determine if there is a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and psychological well-being in older adults residing in a nursing home. This was accomplished through a Quantitative Correlational research design, using a sample of 85 older adults, encompassing both men and women, aged 60 years and older, residing in a nursing home. The assessment tools employed included Emily Sterret's Self-Assessment Test of Emotional Intelligence, which was adapted for use in Peru by Lorena Valdez in 2018, and Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale, originally created in the United States in 1995 and subsequently adapted for use in Peru by Madelinne Pérez-Basilio in 2017. The results revealed that in the realm of emotional intelligence, the predominant level was "optimal," accounting for 51%, followed by "outstanding," at 49%. Concerning psychological well-being, there was a predominance of the "high" level, comprising 61%, with 39% falling into the "medium" category. In conclusion, there was a strong correlation coefficient between emotional intelligence and psychological well-being, with r = 0.831** and significance at p < 0.01. This implies that higher emotional intelligence corresponds to greater psychological well-being among older adults residing in a nursing home. Received: 7 September 2023 / Accepted: 9 April 2024 / Published: 5 May 2024