Meniscal allograft transplantation for unicompartmental arthritis of the knee.

Abstract

Sixty-seven meniscal allografts were transplanted in the knees of 63 patients between 1988 and 1994. Before surgery, all patients experienced refractory disabling knee pain secondary to a prior total meniscectomy with advanced unicompartmental osteoarthritic changes as verified by arthroscopy. At a mean followup of 31 months (range, 1.0-5.5 years), 58 knees (86.6%) attained a good to excellent results-Twenty-one knees received isolated meniscal allografts, with 19 achieving good to excellent results (90.5%). Five knees received a medial or lateral meniscal allograft with an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, and 4 (80.0%) obtained good to excellent results. Thirty-four knees received a meniscal allograft in combination with either a valgus high tibial osteotomy, varus high tibial osteotomy, or varus distal femoral osteotomy to correct for preoperative varus or valgus deformities, with 29 (85.3%) attaining good to excellent results. The remaining 7 knees underwent a combined medial meniscal allograft, valgus high tibial osteotomy, and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with 6 (85.7%) attaining good to excellent results. The most frequent complication was a traumatic posterior horn tear in 6 knees at a mean of 21 months after surgery (range, 9-43 months), most likely the consequence of unsuccessful healing of the posterior horn of the graft.