Abstract
There has been a recent revolution in our understanding of the genetic factors that drive meningioma, punctuating an equilibrium that has existed since Cushing’s germinal studies nearly a century ago. A growing appreciation that meningiomas share similar biologic features with other malignancies has allowed extrapolation of management strategies and lessons from intra-axial central nervous system neoplasms and systemic cancers to meningiomas. These features include a natural proclivity for invasion, frequent intratumoral heterogeneity, and correlation between biologic profile and clinical behavior. Next-generation sequencing has characterized recurrent somatic mutations in NF2, TRAF7, KLF4, AKT1, SMO, and PIK3CA, which are collectively present in ~80% of sporadic meningiomas. Genomic features of meningioma further associate with tumor location, histologic subtype, and possibly clinical behavior. Such genomic decryption, along with advances in targeted pharmacotherapy, provides a maturing integrated view of meningiomas. We review recent advances in meningioma genomics and probe their potential applications in diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic frontiers.
Highlights
Reviewed by: Amgad Hanna, University of Wisconsin, USA Leonardo Welling, State University of Ponta Grossa, Brazil
Next-generation sequencing has characterized recurrent somatic mutations in neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), TNF receptor-associated factor 7 (TRAF7), Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT1), SMO, and PIK3CA, which are collectively present in ~80% of sporadic meningiomas
We review recent advances in meningioma genomics and probe their potential applications in diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic frontiers
Summary
Dunn IF (2016) Meningioma Genomics: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Applications. A growing appreciation that meningiomas share similar biologic features with other malignancies has allowed extrapolation of management strategies and lessons from intra-axial central nervous system neoplasms and systemic cancers to meningiomas. These features include a natural proclivity for invasion, frequent intratumoral heterogeneity, and correlation between biologic profile and clinical behavior. Genomic features of meningioma further associate with tumor location, histologic subtype, and possibly clinical behavior Such genomic decryption, along with advances in targeted pharmacotherapy, provides a maturing integrated view of meningiomas. The understanding of meningiomas rests on a growing appreciation that these tumors share similar features with other intra-axial central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms as well as systemic cancers. We review recent advances in meningioma genomics and probe their potential applications in diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic frontiers
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