Mendel Actually Wants to Say: Genes Are Only One Element of the Hereditary Material

Abstract

The individual comes from a fertilized egg, indicating that the individual’s producer, namely the hereditary material, must be in the egg. “Modern genetics” includes the belief that genes are the hereditary material. Thus, the claim that “synthetic life” was created using a man-made genome has been made. However, molecular biology has proven that genes are only templates for individuals. The template has the controlling product’s specifications, which guide the operator to produce an individual that conforms to its given specifications. The template cannot produce the individual. It means that genes are not a producer. This compels us to review Mendel’s experiments and the original meaning of genes. This article reveals that the genes assumed by Mendel originally referred to the template rather than the producer, and that the truth regarding DNA revealed by molecular biology is identical to Mendel’s assumptions of genes. That is, both Mendel’s original literature and factual evidence show that genes are one, not all, of the elements of the hereditary material. “Modern genetics” is the product of misinterpreting Mendel, and four reasons for this historical misinterpretation are presented.