Men’s Contribution in Championing Women Leadership in Kenya: A Case Study of Nairobi County Assembly

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Can women break through? Women in municipalities: Lebanon in comparative perspective

Patriarchal issues, in which the women's role was to always take care of the family and pursue motherly duties have hampered women’s quest for ascendency to leadership positions, and more so in Africa. Yet, as the years and generations pass, women are just as capable to be a leader in big companies, yet due to past traditions they are still viewed as the caretaker of the family. The objective of the study was to presents in detail the attributes of the women trailblazers in higher education leadership in Kenya. A feminist approach problematizes the gendered relations in universities which research has pointed to inequalities in the distribution of resources and opportunities.This study is situated within the African Feminist theoretical framework because it is central to the fight against oppression of women in Africa and has granted women a platform to voice their concerns. The plank of African feminism postulates that, in many parts of Africa, women strive to bear and rear children in addition to having economic and political roles. This theory underpinned this study because African feminist perspective problematizes the blatant discrimination against women in all cadres, particularly in leadership levels across institutions. The study was qualitative in nature and was based on a census survey design. The research targeted 107 women in leadership ranks of principals, research centers’ directors, deans, and heads of departments, as well as deputy vice-chancellors and vice-chancellors across the 32 public universities.The results from the study are mainly based on a verbatim narrative of 18 women leaders in response to the research questions. Some of the 18 participants currently occupy senior leadership positions and small number of former leaders that have since completed their terms, retired or moved on to leadership positions outside the university. Overall the respondents are associated with 12 of the 32 public universities in Kenya. The study answered the research question: What is the defining attributes of the women in higher education leadership in Kenya? The study found that the attributes can be broadly categorized as leadership style and quest for identity, the right skillset, education, and training, activism and collaboration, reliance on role models and mentors, demonstration of ambition and standing out, and being an embodiment of spiritual values. The study concluded that it’s through the exposition of this attributes that the women in higher education leadership have been able to break the glass ceiling.

ABSTRACTAchieving gender equality continues to pose a persistent challenge in contemporary workplaces, as indicated by the slow rate of progress and predictions that achieving gender equality may take a century. Responding to calls for a deeper understanding of how women's leadership influences organizational outcomes, we draw on social role theory to examine the relationship between women in senior leadership and gender equality management systems (GEMS), which is a comprehensive “bundle” of gender‐equality, work–life, and domestic violence coping practices, in the context of the gender of chief executive officers (CEOs). Utilizing a large‐scale, longitudinal dataset of 6620 Australian organizations spanning 7 years, our panel analyses reveal that having women in senior leadership positively influences work–life practices and domestic violence coping practices. The results also indicate that women in leadership have a positive impact on gender‐equality practices when organizations are led by a female CEO. By showing how women in senior leadership and a supportive female CEO jointly foster broader adoption of GEMS, we extend and refine social role theory. Our findings also provide robust evidence, drawn from a wide range of organizations, that the leadership of women at multiple levels plays a pivotal role in accelerating progress toward workplace gender equality.

This dissertation is a multi-level, cross-cultural study of women in leadership conducted with both macro-society data and individual-level data aggregated to the country level. The research questions are, “What macro and micro forces are hindering or advancing women into business or political leadership?” “How do these forces impact the level of women’s involvement in business and political leadership in a particular country?” Data was collected from 10 secondary sources, available for 213 countries, and includes about 300 variables for business leadership (N=115) and political leadership (N=181). To date, most women in leadership research has been Western- or US- based, and little rigorous empirical, multi-level research has been done across countries. The importance of cross-cultural studies on women in leadership stems from the potential to better understand why some countries have more women in positions of both business and political leadership; and the factors that affect women’s involvement in such positions in different countries. A “Levels of Women’s Participation in Leadership” country model is tested using cluster and discriminant analyses. Results indicate that the factors that affect women’s participation in leadership in countries with fewer women leaders are different from the factors that affect women’s participation in countries with high levels of participation. This dissertation proposes that initiatives to increase participation of women in leadership need to consider the relevant factors that significantly affect countries at certain Levels of Women’s Participation in Leadership.

A vision to advance gender equality within pharmacy leadership: Next steps to take the profession forward.

This systematic literature review identifies women's leadership empowerment through various Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) programmes. Women in leadership positions offer numerous advantages and play a crucial role in achieving gender equality and fostering a more inclusive and prosperous society. 20 articles based on qualitative and quantitative research from prominent research platforms such as Scopus, Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ), and Google Scholar were analysed using PRISMA guidelines. The review determines nine training programme domains and their impact on the development of women's leadership, such as Change Management, Coaching and Mentoring, Conflict Resolution, Communication Skills, Gender Equality, Inspiring workers, LeadingInnovation, Problem-solving, and Project Management. The findings reveal the significance of implementing and expanding specialised TVET programmes to ensure women's active participation and leadership in various sectors. This study highlights the transformative potential of TVET in empowering women and calls for further research and policy development in this field.

This study aims to analyze the influence of women's political leadership styles on the effectiveness of development in Parangloe Village, Bantaeng Regency. The research design employed is a quantitative method, utilizing a questionnaire as the main instrument. The population under study comprises the residents of Parangloe Village, Bantaeng Regency, and the sample size determination utilized the Slovin technique due to the large and challenging-to-reach population. The study selected 90 respondents as samples. Data collection methods involved both observation and the distribution of questionnaires. The data analysis technique employed in this study is regression analysis. Validity and reliability of the data were ensured through validity testing. The findings of this study indicate that the influence of women's political leadership styles on the effectiveness of development in Parangloe Village, Bantaeng Regency, is positive. This is supported by the average score of 168.8 or 84%, suggesting a very favorable position for the impact of women's leadership style. Furthermore, the research also reveals a positive effect of women's leadership on development in Parangloe Village, Bantaeng Regency, with a percentage of 69.1%, while the remaining 30.9% is attributed to other factors.

Controversial issues regarding the status and standing of women are widely discussed by contemporary Islamic figures. This topic seems to be a hot topic that is rarely discussed. Likewise, household management is given to men, but one of the feminist activists, Amina Wadud Muhsin, rejects this issue. Therefore, this article will focus on the issue of Amina Wadud Muhsin's biography, the meaning of leadership in Islam, and Amina Wadud Muhsin's views on household leadership, to help women's household leadership by Amina Wadud Muhsin. An Islamic feminist scientist and thinker. This research aims to analyze and criticize the concept of women's leadership at home from the perspective of Amina Wadud, an Islamic feminist scholar and thinker. This research aims to explore the understanding of the concept of women's leadership in Amina Wadud's view, especially in the household context, and then compare it with the views of other contemporary scholars such as Buya Hamka, Quraish Shihab and others regarding the role of women in society. The research method used for analysis is descriptive and critical research method analysis, with a focus on Islamic literature and works related to Amina Wadud. The analysis shows that there are differences in views between the concept of modern ulama regarding the role of women in the household and Amina Wadud's view of ensuring gender equality. Amina Wadud Muhsin's study on women's leadership in the household suggests that women can become household leaders if men do not fulfill two conditions. First, what a man gives to his family and what he spends from his wealth to support women. . If one of these conditions is not met and implemented, it is the same as a man not being able to support his wife and family. Amina Wadud emphasized the importance of women's leadership and active participation in the household as a form of empowerment. This study also highlights the challenges and conflicts that can arise when traditional views and progressive views regarding women's roles in the household. This analysis provides detailed insight into the concept of female leadership in Islam and the potential for changes in society's views on the role of women in the household. The results of this research can help stimulate discussion and critical thinking regarding gender issues in Islam and the family, especially in women's leadership positions. Apart from that, this research can also provide a more comprehensive and progressive view regarding the role of women in household management in contemporary Islamic society. This researcher has reached the final stage of the research and really appreciates all input and suggestions from further researchers as well as constructive criticism so that this research can further develop the concept of Kiwama by Amina Wadud in the future.

Women's leadership in the political realm in the Islamic community is often an issue and even a problem phenomenon that seems difficult to resolve. The existence of pros and cons related to the opinion of women's leadership in the political sphere also affects discussions and issues of public space for Muslims. It is not surprising then that many thinkers of Islamic studies have provided opinions or views related to women's leadership in the political realm, including in this case Ibn Asyur. Ibn Asyur has his own views related to women's leadership in the political realm. Ibn Asyur's thought was not born just like that but was born through the methodology and construction of thought from various aspects. This article discusses related to (1) how is the leadership of women in politics according to Ibn Asyur's thought? and (2) how is the analysis of Ibn Asyur's method in the thinking of women's leadership in the political sphere? The research objectives in this article are (1) to describe women's leadership in politics according to Ibn Asyur's thought; and (2) analyzing Ibn Asyur's method of thinking about women's leadership in the political realm. The conclusion of this research is that in the context of political leadership, women are placed according to their nature. Women may be involved in political matters has limitations. Considering that by nature, women cannot be equated with men, especially in physical terms.

Before the advent of Islam, women were often marginalized in many civilizations. In ancient Arab civilization before Islam, women's dignity and worth were in the lowest position. Insulting and harsh treatment of women is a tradition that is permitted by society, because they consider the presence of women to be a disgrace and bring disaster to life. Similar conditions occurred in early Greek civilization, where women were also marginalized. This research aims to analyze Islamic views on women's leadership in terms of the Wasatiyyah concept. The research was conducted using qualitative methods with data collection techniques by studying Islamic law based on explanations in the Al-Qur'an, Hadith and examples of Islamic history. This research summarizes that the role of women's leadership in the Wasatiyyah concept is a form of cooperation between men and women in various areas of life, they have an obligation to carry out good orders and avoid evil. This shows that Islam is very cosmopolitan, rahmatan lil 'alamin for all mankind. So women's leadership in Islam is working together with men in cooperation, guidance, attention, nurturing and control in a good way.

This article examined the controversy of women's testimony and leadership between normative and substantive meanings based on Islamic legal agreements. Hadith about women's testimony of half men's testimony in the terms of law must be reviewed through socio-history. In hermeniotic perspective, the verse about testimony must be seen as a response to the historical facts at the time this verse came down. Thus, compiling historical facts has changed, it can be done to reinterpret the verses and hadith. The hadith about women's leadership in politics in terms of sanad is valid but the understanding of hadith must be approached based on sosio history because the matan of hadith is not always factual. This hadith was conveyed in response to the news of the appointment of Kisra's daughter, a woman who did not receive social approval from the community so that the hadith was acceptable only locally and temporally, not universally applicable. Therefore, leadership in politics can be carried out by anyone, male and female, as long as he/she gain legitimacy from the community.

This paper examines the features of women's political leadership and the main problems of its implementation. The analysis of foreign literature on political leadership and women's leadership is given. It also provides an overview of modern gender policy in Kazakhstan, provides data on the ranking of gender equality, an analysis of the proportion of women in parliament at the national level. Recommendations are proposed to support women's leadership in the country.

This study explores the barriers hindering Nepalese women from taking on political leadership roles and strategies for enhancing women's leadership. The presence of women in executive positions in government and political parties is the basis for women's political leadership. The research used a qualitative method, purposive sampling, in-depth interviews with nine influential leaders of Nepalese mainstream political parties who have significant knowledge about women's political issues, and analysis of existing literature. The data collected was analysed thematically. Although women have gained 33% of the representation in Nepali politics, Women's elevation to top leadership positions is still low. The path to achieving qualitative leadership is still primarily based on an outdated male model that shuts down women's roles. The findings indicate that women face pervasive challenges within the male-dominated political landscape due to deep-rooted patriarchal ideology, social norms, and attitudes that often favour men in leadership roles. Expensive electoral competition and competing against a male counterpart are challenging for female candidates and hinder women's aspirations despite constitutional rights. Implicit biases and discrimination often lead to unequal opportunities for women's advancement. Suggested strategies for enhancing women's leadership by the respondents reveal that women politicians should seek to build larger coalitions to ensure female representation at the executive level, pushing for legal reforms and leadership training. They further suggested that creating distinct constituencies for women to protect women's seats is essential to transforming the proportional election system into a first-past-the-post system. The research reveals that society's unconscious biases have historically privileged men, perpetuating the assumption that leadership is inherently associated with masculinity. Thus, achieving gender-balanced political leadership that sustains democracy requires empowering women through equal opportunities, supportive policies, leadership training, mentorship, legal protections, national campaigns, and media advocacy.

The story of women's participation in the ecumenical movement can indeed be described as a pilgrimage of justice and peace, as well as a story of mission. From the earliest days of ecumenism--whether in its formal, institutional structures or in the lively work and witness of local communities around the globe--questions about women's role in the churches have been intertwined with questions about the social, economic, and cultural forces that affect women's lives. With changing emphasis shaped by particular time and context, the consistent thread in the journey has been a will to respond to the call to participate in God's mission in the world in ways that contribute to wholeness and fullness of life for all God's people and to the flourishing of creation. While not always named or recognized as such, gender justice has been at the heart of this journey. Consistently, women have been seeking ecumenical space in which the diverse experiences of women, their voices and visions, and the conditions of injustice and oppression that have been the lot of many women around the world can be lifted up and addressed. And in that space, women have claimed their own agency of resistance and transformation. The story of women's work and witness in the World Council of Churches (WCC) is only one facet of this journey. Each church family and world communion could tell its own story and each local context has had times of ecumenical witness and action--often connected with global programs, but also representative of particular local needs and issues. Nevertheless, the WCC has played a key role since its inception in linking ecumenical women in local contexts with international networks and global currents. A review of WCC programmes and structures committed to the journey of gender justice reveals both the rich heritage of ecumenical women's work and the challenges and gaps that continue. Affirming the "service and status of women" In the 1940s, when the WCC was still in the process of formation, Twila Cavert, a Young Women Christian Association (YWCA) leader from the US, together with other women, gained the support of WCC leaders for a pre-assembly women's meeting and a survey of woman leaders worldwide about their vision for the work of women in the whole church. (1) The questionnaire netted detailed replies from women in 58 countries, and prompted the Reformed Church of France to request that the question of women's role be placed on the agenda of the first assembly in Amsterdam in 1948. There, the study report on "The Life and Work of Women in the Church" was received and its recommendation for a permanent commission to undertake ecumenical inquiry into issues related to women's ministry was accepted. Susannah Herzel writes of the significance of these first steps for the participation of women in churches around the world: "So the infiltration had begun. Member churches of the ecumenical movement had agents of change in their midst, and the troubling questions would be increasingly difficult to ignore." (2) The material generated by the study was developed into a book by Kathleen Bliss, published in 1952 as The Service and Status of Women in the Churches, (3) Interpreting the reports through the framework of women's various types of service--voluntary, full-time and professional, ordained, and participation in church governance--Bliss examined the contributions and limitations of each area of endeavour. She asked whether the churches were making the best use of women's gifts, or helping women to participate as Christians in the changes taking place in society as a whole. Writing during a period of flux in women's public and private roles, Bliss urged churches to recognize the implications of changing family and employment patterns. She asserted that "what is needed is ... an imaginative act of understanding ... [of the] ... revolutionary change in the place of women in society." (4) These reports from around the world provided evidence that responses to women's ministries ranged from indifference to active opposition. …