Abstract
Recently, the bioconversion of biomass into biofuels and biocommodities has received significant attention. Although green technologies for biofuel and biocommodity production are advancing, the productivity and yield from these techniques are low. Over the past years, various recovery and purification techniques have been developed and successfully employed to improve these technologies. However, these technologies still require improvement regarding the energy-consumption-related costs, low yield and product purity. In the context of sustainable green production, this review presents a broad review of membrane purification technologies/methods for succinic acid, a biocommodity obtained from lignocellulosic biomass. In addition, a short overview of the global market for sustainable green chemistry and circular economy systems or zero waste approach towards a sustainable waste management is presented. Succinic acid, the available feedstocks for its production and its industrial applications are also highlighted. Downstream separation processes of succinic acid and the current studies on different downstream processing techniques are critically reviewed. Furthermore, critical analysis of membrane-based downstream processes of succinic acid production from fermentation broth is highlighted. A short review of the integrated-membrane-based process is discussed, as well, because integrating “one-pot” lignocellulosic bioconversion to succinic acid with downstream separation processing is considered a critical issue to address. In conclusion, speculations on outlook are suggested.
Highlights
The objective of this review is to identify the current advances in membrane-based technique for purification of succinic acid obtained from bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass
Results indicated that Succinic acid (SA) crystals could be effectively converted into mono- and diesters of high yields and selectivity, using solid acids irrespective of the conditions of reaction [58,83]
Recent downstream separation techniques have their limitations; improvements are required as it relates to purity, yield and energy consumption
Summary
Green chemistry is the implementation of chemical products without generating dangerous bye products into the environment. Anastas and Warner [1] defined green chemistry as the application of a set of values that reduces or eradicates the use or generation of dangerous substances in the design, production and application of chemical products. Biomass is an essential candidate for sustainable future energy demands [2]. Biochemical conversion technologies of biomass are gaining more attention from the research communities nowadays. Biomass can be converted into various products, such as hydrogen, biogas, ethanol, acetone, butanol, organic acids (pyruvate, lactate, oxalic acid, levulinic acid, citric acid and succinic acid), 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, isobutanol, xylitol, mannitol and xanthan gum by selecting different microorganisms in the process
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