Membrane proteins of erythrocytes and diameter-thickness ratio in patients with essential arterial hypertension complicated and non-complicated by metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Changes in structural and functional qualities of membrane proteins of erythrocytes in patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH) can promote development of severe dysfunction of these cells and complicate the course of systemic disease. Aim. To elucidate the character of correlation between sphericity and membrane protein levels in erythrocytes and its relation to the biochemical and hemostasiological indices in patients with EAH complicated and uncomplicated by metabolic syndrome. Materials and methods. 51 male patients (average age 42 ± 1,5 years) with stage I and II EAH were included in the study. They were divided into two groups: group 1 - with EAH complicated by metabolic syndrome (29 patients); group 2 - with uncomplicated EAH 22 patients). We estimated the spectrum of 10 membrane proteins of erythrocytes and main biochemical and hemostasiological blood parameters. Results.The study revealed a decrease in the level of spectrins and the loss of correlation between the levels of erythrocyte membrane proteins in patients with EAH complicated by metabolic syndrome. The fraction of patients with the diameter-thickness ratio < 3,4 suggesting the presence of the pool of cells prone to spherocytosis in group 1 (29,4%) was twice that in group 2 (13,7%).The study of diameter-thickness ratio and the level of membrane proteins in patients with stage I and II EAH allowed to reveala significant regressive relationship between the diameter-thickness ratio and conditions of spherical cell formation. The change of diameter-thickness ratio significantly correlated with the levels of α-spectrin, anion-transport protein and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenasein group 1 and with those of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and anion-transport protein in group 2. Conclusion. Major factors involved in the development of acquired spherocytosis are structural and functional dissociation of membrane proteins such as α-spectrin, anion-transport protein and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase in patients with EAH complicated by metabolic syndrome and anion-transport protein, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and actin in patients with uncomplicated EAH.