Membrane Fabrication by Solid Waste: Opportunities and Challenges

Abstract

Solid waste mismanagement is a global issue caused by population growth, industrialization, and daily human activity. Currently, the majority of trash produced is either dumped in landfills in affluent countries or open pits in poor nations. In addition to necessitating a great deal of land area, landfilling and open dumping may cause other environmental difficulties. In fact, solid wastes may provide many chances for reusing as raw materials for the creation of useful, high-value goods in response to the need for a circular economy. Due to their cheap prices, possible high removal efficiency for pollutants, renewable and sustainable qualities, solid waste-derived membranes have gained considerable research attention as a waste-to-resource solution for a variety of water treatment applications. The fabrication and applications of economical membranes manufactured from natural resources have been reported. However, comprehensive reviews that discuss the fabrication, properties and potential applications waste-generated membranes are still limited. The features and material recoverable resources for membrane production are emphasized in this study. Based on biopolymers, plastics, and inorganics recycled materials, a summary of membrane manufacturing and performance using recoverable resources for liquid separation applications is provided. There are many prospects in this fascinating field since waste-derived membrane for water filtration is a new technology. For converting solid wastes into useful membrane products for water treatment, this evaluation offers crucial advice.