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Abstract
Efficient removal of total organic matter, ammonia and four target corticosteroids, levonogestrel (Levo), bethametasone valerate (Betha-V), bethametasone dipropionate (Betha-D) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (Medro), was achieved in a laboratory-scale submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) treating wastewater from a pharmaceutical industry. MBR was operated for a period of 20weeks under a constant flux of 2.87L h−1 m−2 without substantial membrane fouling. Total organic matter removal, measured in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), was on average over 99%. Regarding nutrients, 99% of the initial ammonia and 40% of phosphorous were eliminated. The industrial wastewater was spiked with four target corticosteroids at a final concentration of 100μg L−1 in order to assess their elimination. Chemical analysis of MBR effluent revealed that all corticosteroids were removed at percentages higher than 93% in all the cases.
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