Membrane array and multiplex bead analysis of tear cytokines in systemic sclerosis.

Aniko Rentka,Peter Szodoray,Zoltan Szekanecz,Krisztina Koroskenyi,Jolan Harsfalvi,Adam Kemeny-Beke,Gabriella Szucs

doi:10.1007/s12026-015-8763-9

Abstract

Although serious ocular manifestations of systemic sclerosis (SSc) have been described, tear analysis of patients with SSc has not been performed in previous studies. Our aim was to measure a wide panel of cytokines and chemokines in tears of patients with SSc and to assess the most significant molecules with a more sensitive and specific method. Unstimulated tear samples were collected from nine patients with SSc and 12 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. The relative levels of 102 different cytokines were determined by a cytokine array, and then absolute levels of four key cytokines were determined by a magnetic bead assay. Array results revealed shifted cytokine profile characterized by predominance of inflammatory mediators. Of the 102 analyzed molecules, nine were significantly increased in tears of patients with SSc. Based on the multiplex bead results, C-reactive protein, interferon-γ-inducible protein-10, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels were significantly higher in tears of patients with SSc. Our current data depict a group of inflammatory mediators, which play a significant role in ocular pathology of SSc; furthermore, they might function as excellent candidates for future therapeutic targets in SSc patients with ocular manifestations.

Highlights

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) activates complement system and has been suggested to play a role in vascular complications in diabetics
Through Spearman correlation analysis, MBL was not associated with age, gender, serum glucose, HbA1c, hypertension, C-reactive protein (CRP), and total cholesterol in both diabetic and control groups and with duration of diabetes in the T2DM group
Our results show that IMT continuously increased with both high MBL and absolute MBL deficiency states in T2DM group

Summary

Introduction

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) activates complement system and has been suggested to play a role in vascular complications in diabetics. We evaluated the association of MBL and IMT in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients. In T2DM, the lowest cIMT was seen in patients with normal MBL level (500–1000) while cIMT continuously increased with both high MBL and absolute MBL deficiency states. Our results suggest a dual role of MBL as a risk factor for cIMT in T2DM. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of CVD in diabetics [3, 4]. Low MBL pheno- or genotype has been associated with higher risk of atherosclerosis [7, 8], arterial thrombosis [9], coronary artery disease [10, 11], bypass graft occlusion [12], and carotid artery plaques [13]. High MBL levels or normal genotypes have been associated with coronary

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