Abstract
This study aims at applying the concept of maqashid shariah to understand a problematic hadith narrated by Abû Dzâr al-Ghifari and Abû Hurairah. Such hadith has attracted serious attentions due to its narration which equated between a donkey, a dog and a woman among many Moslem scholars throughout the Islamic intellectual history. In the first part of the article, a critical review of interpretation method employed by previous ulamas, both from classical and modern period has been presented. From such an examination, it becomes clear that there is a gap which has not been adequately answered by the previous methods. Therefore, in this context, the maqashid is situated as the alternative method. Here the maqashi concept is projected as a ratio legis and parameter of the validity of ijtihad, following al-Syâtibi and Jasser Audah’s notion. Having employed maqashid to the hadith, this article concludes that the hadith contradicts one of al-kulliyah al-sittah (the six general principles of maqashid), which is hifzh al‘ird. As a consequence of this contradiction, the hadith is irrelevant as practice.[Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan konsep Maqasid Syari’ah untuk memahami hadis problematis yang diriwayatkan oleh Abû Dzâr al-Ghifari dan Abû Hurairah. Hadis tersebut telah menarik perhatian serius banyak sarjana muslim sepanjang sejarah intelektual Islam karena memuat narasi yang menyamakan antara keledai, anjing dan perempuan. Pada bagian awal tulisan, terlebih dahulu disajikan ulasan kritis mengenai metode-metode interpretasi yang digunakan oleh ulama klasik dan modern. Dari pengujian terhadap metode-metode tersebut diketahui bahwa terdapat ruang kosong yang masih tersisa dan belum terjawab dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, maqashid dalam tulisan ini diletakkan sebagai metode alternatif di mana konsep maqashid diajukan sebagai kausa hukum dan parameter kebenaran sebuah ijtihad, mengikuti gagasan al-Syâtibi dan Jasser Audah. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa hadis yang didiskusikan berbenturan dengan salah satu dari enam tujuan pokok hukum Islam, yaitu hifzh al-‘ird. Sebagai implikasinya, hadis ini menjadi tidak dapat diamalkan.]
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