Melting effect in MHD stagnation point flow of Jeffrey nanomaterial

Abstract

Our main focus here is to investigate the melting phenomenon in magnetohydrodynamic flow of Jeffrey nanomaterial by a stretching surface. The mechanism of heat transfer is elaborated via Joule heating and viscous dissipation. Thermophoretic and Brownian motion characteristics are analyzed via the Buongiorno nanofluid model. Additionally, the chemical reaction is studied via activation energy. Further, flow is addressed in the stagnation point region. Flow field expressions (partial differential equations) are converted to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) via the implementation of adequate transformations. These coupled non-linear systems of ODEs are solved via the optimal homotopy analysis method. Velocity, skin friction coefficient, concentration, mass transfer rate (Sherwood number), temperature, and heat transfer rate (Nusselt number) are examined. Flow can be controlled through higher estimations of the Hartman number and ratio of relaxation to the retardation time parameter. The temperature of the fluid intensifies with a larger thermophoresis parameter, Eckert number, Prandtl number, Hartman number, and velocity ratio parameter. The concentration of fluid is higher for a larger estimation of the thermophoresis parameter, Brownian motion parameter, and activation energy parameter. Further, the skin friction coefficient can be reduced via a higher melting parameter, velocity ratio parameter, and the ratio of the relaxation to the retardation time parameter. The Nusselt number is an increasing function of the Deborah number and the thermophoresis parameter. The Sherwood number is larger for a higher Brownian motion parameter and reaction rate parameter.