Abstract
Melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei. It has a variety of clinical manifestations ranging from localized abscess, to severe pneumonia to fatal septicaemia. Sinonasal and orbital manifestations of Melioidosis are rare [1]. This is the first reported case of Melioidosis presenting with orbital cellulitis and rhinosinusitis in Sri Lanka. A 42-year-old patient with diabetes mellitus presented with pyrexia of unknown origin, multiple abscesses in the leg, periorbital cellulitis and rhinosinusitis. Initial investigations did not reveal a diagnosis. Eventually it was diagnosed as Melioidosis with a positive blood culture and successfully managed with long term antibiotics. ConclusionEarly identification and aggressive management is needed to reduce the morbidity and mortality of Melioidosis. Awareness amongst clinicians of different specialties is important as this disease has variety of manifestations.
Highlights
ConclusionIdentification and aggressive management is needed to reduce the morbidity and mortality of Melioidosis
The causative organism of Melioidosis is Burkholderia pseudomallei [2], which is a Gram-negative soil- and water associated pathogen. [3] Humans are infected by traumatic inoculation of bacteria from soil or rarely by inhalation or ingestion [4,5]
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Summary
Melioidosis is a disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Identification and aggressive management is needed to reduce the morbidity and mortality. Awareness among clinicians of different specialties is important as this disease has variety of manifestations. Melioidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of rhinosinusitis in an immunocompromised patient after excluding other diseases like invasive fungal sinusitis
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