Abstract
Aim: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is usually seen in the aged patients in postoperative
 period. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin on cognitive and synaptic
 dysfunction and oxidative stress in POCD model constructed by abdominal surgery in aged rats.
 Material and Methods: Twenty months old male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into the control
 group, melatonin treated-control group, surgery group and melatonin treated-surgery group. The novel
 object recognition test (NORT) was used to assess the postoperative cognitive ability of rats at the
 end of the experiments. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were
 evaluated in the synaptosomes of hippocampus by spectrophotometric methods. The protein levels of
 calcium-calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95)
 were measured by using ELISA. .
 Results: Animals in surgery group showed significant an impairment of novel object recognition memory
 in NORT. Surgery group also exhibited increased content of MDA (21.05±3.96) and decreased levels
 of GSH (5.86±0.26) and PSD95 (156.04±2.56) in the hippocampus (respectively p=0.012, p
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