Melatihkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Dan Berpikir Kreatif Peserta Didik dengan Model Scientific Critical Creative Thinking

Critical thinking and creative thinking skills are needed to improve the quality and competitive human resources. Therefore, the application of appropriate learning models is expected to stimulate students' critical thinking and creative thinking skills. This research aims to improve critical thinking and creative thinking skill scores using the ASICC learning model. This type of research is classroom action research which is carried out in 2 cycles, with 3 meetings in each cycle. Data on students' critical thinking and creative thinking skills were collected using essay tests on science learning materials. Data analysis was carried out by comparing the N-gain scores in cycle 1 and cycle 2 for students' critical thinking and creative thinking skills. The results of the research revealed that there was an increase that occurred in cycle 2, namely 5.6% in the aspects of moderate critical thinking skills and high creative thinking, as well as in the aspects of critical thinking skills and high creative thinking by 5.6%. Meanwhile, in the previous cycle, these two aspects did not have a high category. Another result found from this research is that students who have low critical thinking skills do not necessarily have low creative thinking skills. This is because students who have low critical thinking skills may have moderate creative thinking skills or vice versa. Thus, the application of the ASICC learning model is effective in improving the scores of critical thinking skills and creative thinking skills of students at Junior High School 5 Kertosono.

STEM or Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics-based learning is one of the alternative learning methods that can be used to develop critical thinking skills and communication skills of students. STEM learning methods can be packaged in the form of project-based learning models such as Project- Based Learning (PjBL). Project- Based Learning (PjBL) is a learning model that is centered on students to work on projects in the form of a series of complex tasks so that it can stimulate critical thinking skills and communication skills of students. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the influence of Project- Based Learning (PjBL) on critical and creative thinking skills in Vocational High School (VHS) students. The methodology used in compiling this article is a literature study from relevant journals. The results of the study indicate that the Project- Based Learning (PjBL) is able to provide a positive impact on the development of critical thinking and creative thinking skills of students.

This study aims to (1) assess the significant impact of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model, enhanced by Google Sites interactive multimedia, on the critical thinking abilities of fifth-grade elementary students, (2) evaluate the significant effect of the PBL model, supported by Google Sites interactive multimedia, on the creative thinking skills of these students, and (3) examine the combined influence of the PBL model, aided by Google Sites interactive multimedia, on both critical and creative thinking skills of fifth-grade students. This quasi-experimental research utilized a nonequivalent control group design, involving fifth-grade students divided into a control group and an experimental group, each consisting of 30 students. Data analysis was conducted using independent sample t-tests and MANOVA tests. The hypothesis testing results indicate that (1) the PBL model with Google Sites interactive multimedia significantly enhances critical thinking skills, (2) it significantly boosts creative thinking skills, and (3) it has a simultaneous positive effect on both critical and creative thinking skills of fifth-grade students. Future learning is encouraged to develop more diverse educational games to further motivate student learning. Keywords : problem-based learning, interactive multimedia, google sites, critical and creative thinking. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengkaji dampak signifikan model Problem-Based Learning (PBL) yang disempurnakan dengan multimedia interaktif Google Sites terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar kelas lima, (2) mengevaluasi dampak signifikan model PBL yang didukung oleh multimedia interaktif Google Sites terhadap keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa tersebut, dan (3) menguji pengaruh gabungan model PBL yang dibantu oleh multimedia interaktif Google Sites terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dan kreatif siswa kelas lima. Penelitian kuasi eksperimen ini menggunakan desain kelompok kontrol non-ekuivalen, yang melibatkan siswa kelas lima yang dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan kelompok eksperimen, yang masing-masing terdiri dari 30 siswa. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji-t sampel independen dan uji MANOVA. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa (1) model PBL dengan multimedia interaktif Google Sites secara signifikan meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis, (2) secara signifikan meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif, dan (3) secara simultan memiliki efek positif terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dan kreatif siswa kelas lima. Pembelajaran di masa depan didorong untuk mengembangkan permainan edukatif yang lebih beragam untuk lebih memotivasi pembelajaran siswa. Kata kunci: pembelajaran berbasis masalah, multimedia interaktif, situs google, berpikir kritis dan kreatif.

Guiding students how to think critically and creatively is a crucial part of the educational process in order to meet the required skills to face the 21st century. In addition, attention to the local culture especially that is closely related to the scientific concepts needs to be strongly emphasized. Due to those two aspects i.e. creative and critical thinking as well as attention to local culture, the ethno-STEM project-based learning for high school students has been implemented and its impact to students’ critical and creative thinking skills has been investigated. This study involved 230 students from seven high schools in Central Java Indonesia. The data collection was carried out through a set of instruments to reveal the students’ critical and creative thinking skills. The instruments were declared as valid based on the experts’ judgment and showed an Alpha Cronbach score of 0.79 prior to use. The results showed that the ethno-STEM project-based learning was able to improve the average critical and creative thinking skills of students in all indicators varying from low to medium categories. The improvement of students' critical thinking skills was observed by the achievement of the N-gain score, i.e. 52 students (22.6%) achieved a high category, 102 students (44.4%) achieved a medium category, and 76 students (33.0%) achieved a low category. Moreover, an increase in the creative thinking skills was also observed, indicated by the N-gain score, i.e. 63 students (27.4%) were at a high category, 109 students (47.4%) were at a medium category, and 58 students (25.2%) were at a low category. In conclusion, the ethno-STEM project-based learning showed a significant effect on the improvement of students' critical and creative thinking skills.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using the CPS (Creative Problem Solving) learning model to improve students' critical and creative thinking skills. This research is an experimental study using a quasi-experimental research design with a non-equivalent control group design. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and obtained class VIII A and VIII F. Improving students' critical thinking skills based on T-Test test data pretest and posttest were 4.01 in the control class and 10.29 in the experimental class, both of which were higher than the Ttable, which was 1.99. Improving students' creative thinking skills based on the STUDENT WORKSHEET T-Test Test of 5.035 in the control class and 10,041 in the experimental class, and the T-Test mind mapping of 6,428 in the control class and 6,240 in the experimental class. From the test results, it was found that H0 was rejected so that there was an increase in students' critical and creative thinking skills. Thus, the application of the CPS (Creative Problem Solving) model on the Science material is effectively used to improve students' critical and creative thinking skills.

Project-based learning is a learning approach that emphasizes students as learning actors who facilitate students to construct their knowledge. However, the application of project-based learning to learning at the tertiary level is a learning syntax that has not been designed by adjusting the characteristics of learning for the tertiary level. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of case study-based learning conducted using a hybrid project-based learning model in improving students' critical thinking and creative thinking skills. This study used a non-equivalent control group research design with 70 samples divided into the experimental and control groups. The instruments used are standard critical thinking skills tests, namely Cornell Critical Thinking Test (CCTT) level X, creative thinking skills test instruments, and observation sheets. The results showed that hybrid project-based learning effectively improved students' critical and creative thinking skills. The increase in students' critical thinking skills is higher than students' creative thinking skills.

The purpose of this study is to develop IPAS teaching materials using the RADEC model based on metacognitive strategies to enhance critical and creative thinking skills among elementary school students. The research follows the Research & Development approach with the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The study involves 84 elementary school students in Surakarta. Data were collected through literature review, expert validation, pretests and posttests, observations, interviews, and documentation. Validation results confirmed that the developed book is valid and suitable for use in terms of content, language, and presentation. A paired sample T-test was conducted on the pretest and posttest results of critical and creative thinking skills for 84 student respondents. The t-test results indicated a significance value of 0.00<0.05 for both pretest and posttest scores of critical thinking skills and creative thinking skills. This suggests a significant difference in the average scores between the pretest and posttest, indicating the influence of the developed book on critical and creative thinking skills. The NGain test results for pretest and posttest scores of critical thinking skills were 70.9252, and for creative thinking skills, it was 70.9284. With these values, it can be concluded that the developed book falls into the category of being sufficiently effective in influencing the critical and creative thinking skills of students

This research aims to investigate the potential impact of STEM-based scientific learning on the critical and creative thinking skills of students at Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha in Indonesia. To achieve this goal, we conducted a quasi-experimental research design to collect data. We provided students with hands-on experiences in conducting scientific experiments to solve real-world problems related to energy and air. Data regarding students’ critical thinking skills were gathered through tests, while data about creative thinking skills were obtained by observing students’ performance in mind-mapping exercises. The collected data underwent thorough statistical analysis, including descriptive and inferential techniques. The results of this research show that students taught using the STEM-based scientific learning model outperform those taught using the conventional model (lecturing). Furthermore, inferential statistical research shows that using the STEM-based scientific learning model predicts students’ critical and creative thinking skills considerably. These results imply that using the STEM-based scientific learning model can help students improve their critical and creative thinking skills. This shows the potential to add to the body of literature on the influence of STEM-based scientific learning in developing students’ critical and creative thinking skills. Further, this study can serve as a basic reference for future studies aimed at investigating the influence of STEM-based scientific education on students from various educational backgrounds and cultural settings.

One of the provisions of student to be able to answer the challenges of the 21st century is to be able to integrate critical and creative thinking skills in solving problems. The purpose of study was to determine the increase in integration of students’ critical and creative thinking through HOTS questions using the Self-Organized Learning Environments model in the Counting Rules learning topic at SMA Negeri 1 Yogyakarta. This classroom action research was carried out in two cycles, in which cycle consisted of planning, action, observation, and reflection. This study uses three stages in the SOLE model, namely Question, Investigate, and Review. Giving inquiry questions followed by the application of students’ knowledge in interesting and directed tasks in the student worksheets to increase curiosity and provoke students to start using their critical thinking skills. Solving LOTS, MOTS, and HOTS problem solving gradually train students to integrate critical and creative thinking skills. Each group presents the results of their exploration and investigation to improve the integration of critical and creative thinking skills of students. The result of observations on integration of critical thinking show that 15,63% of students are in very high criteria and 84,73% in high criteria. The same result is shown in the integration of creative thinking skills. The achievement test of student learning outcomes in the aspect of knowledge and skills is 87,50%. In this study also obtained the result of the implementation of learning is 93,33%. This research concludes that there is an increase in the integration of students’ critical and creative thinking skills in the Counting Rules.

Critical and creative thinking skills are competencies needed in the 21st century. Therefore, a learning model is needed that can improve both competencies, namely the local history-based project-based learning (PjBL) model. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the local history-based Project-based Learning (PjBL) model in improving students' critical and creative thinking skills in history learning. This study used a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The study was conducted in class X with a sample of 170 people. Data collection used observation using an assessment rubric for students' critical and creative thinking skills, while data analysis used Manova with the help of SPSS 25.0. The results showed that the critical thinking skills of the group that learned using the local history-based PjBL model were better than the group that learned using the conventional model (mean PjBL group = 71; mean conventional group = 60). Likewise, the creative thinking skills of students in the local history-based PjBL group were better than students who learned using the conventional model (mean PjBL group = 81; mean conventional group = 59). This result is reinforced by the results of the Manova test where the F value for Pillai's Trace, Wilks' Lambda, Hotelling's Trace, and Roy's Largest Root is 2466.745 with significance (Sig.) = 0.000 <0.05. Likewise with the Tests of Between-Subjects Effects for critical thinking (F = 1222.236; p <0.001) and creative thinking (F = 4483.554; p <0.001) which means that the integrated PjBL model of Local History is effective in improving students' critical thinking and creative thinking skills both simultaneously and partially.

This study aims to develop and see the effectiveness of flipbook-based digital pocketbooks on environmental pollution material on the critical and creative thinking skills of grade VII students at SMPN 1 Sojol Utara. The method used in this research is research and development (Research and Development) with 4D instructional design. This research was conducted on grade VII students at SMPN 1 Sojol Utara totaling 40 students. The results of this study showed that: (1) The flipbook-based digital pocket book developed obtained a percentage of 86.96% of the very valid category and for media practicality obtained a percentage of 80% of the practical category for use in science learning, critical thinking skills obtained a value of 70.83% in the critical thinking category (2) The ability to think creatively obtained a score of 84.37% with the category of creative thinking (3) The effectiveness of the book The flipbook-based digital pocket developed is very effective in improving students' critical thinking skills with an effect size value of 1.95 very large categories, (4) The effectiveness of the flipbook-based digital pocketbook developed is very effective in improving students' creative thinking skills with an effect size valueThe 1.95 categories are huge. Based on the results of the development that has been carried out, flipbook-based digital pocketbooks can be a learning medium that can improve students' critical and creative thinking skills in science learning.

Introduction: Hybrid-PjBL is an innovative learning model aligned with 21st-century demands but remains limited and rarely studied by Indonesian researchers. This study intends to test the effectiveness of implementing Hybrid-PjBL on students' critical and creative thinking skills.Methods: The pre-experimental method was used by combining a one-group pretest-posttest design in this study. The population consisted of fourth-semester Elementary Education students at Universitas Samudera. A single class was randomly selected from four classes, involving students enrolled in the Development of Language and Literature Learning in Elementary Schools course. A critical and creative thinking skills questionnaire was employed to collect data. The data were averaged to observe improvements before and after treatment and analyzed inferentially using a paired sample t-test.Results: This study presents the finding of a probability value (sig) of 0.00 < 0.05, meaning that there is a significant difference before and after the Hybrid-PjBL model is applied, as seen from the pretest and posttest scores. Descriptive analysis also revealed an increase in the average pretest and posttest scores for critical and creative thinking skills in the Development of Language and Literature Learning course. The average critical thinking skill score increased from 13.74 to 18.15, while the average creative thinking skill score increased from 32.22 to 39.19. This demonstrates an improvement in both skills after applying the Hybrid-PjBL model. Conclusions: This study concludes that there is a significant impact after implementing the hybrid-PjBL model on critical and creative thinking skills in the Language and Literature Learning Development course in Elementary Schools. This model encourages students to actively construct their own knowledge and solve problems, leading to improved critical and creative thinking skills

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of STEM-PjBL learning on students' critical thinking, creative thinking, communication, and collaboration (4C) skills. This research is quantitative with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research samples were 106 class XI State Senior High School 16 Semarang students. Quantitative data on critical thinking skills were analyzed using the N-gain test, while other data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed increased students' critical thinking skills based on the N-gain test. The paired sample t-test results in the SPSS 28 program obtained a significance value/Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.001, there were differences in critical thinking skills before and after STEM-PjBL learning. STEM-PjBL learning effectively trained students' creative, collaborative, and communicative thinking skills with high categories. This learning effectively trained students' critical thinking, creative thinking, communication, and collaboration skills

Monotonous learning activities and a lack of development of critical thinking skills in students cause low critical and creative thinking skills. Based on this, the purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of STEAM Based Learning with Loose Part Media on the Critical Thinking and Creative Thinking Skills of Group B Children. The research method employed in this study is a quasi-experimental design. The design of this study employs a post-test-only control group design. The population in this study consisted of 5-to 6-year-old kindergarten students, with a sample size of 30 students. In this study, the sampling technique employed was purposive sampling, with a total sample of 30 students. The method used in collecting data was a test. The instrument used for data collection was a checklist sheet with a rating scale. The data analysis technique used the t-test. The results of the study showed a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in terms of critical thinking skills. The average difference value (indicates that the average score of children's critical thinking skills in the experimental group given treatment is higher than that of the control group. Second, there is a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in terms of creative thinking skills. The average difference value indicates that the average score of the children's creative thinking skills in the experimental group, given the treatment, is higher than that of the control group. It is concluded that the STEAM approach, assisted by Loose Parts media, has a positive effect on improving critical and creative thinking skills in children in Group B.

This research intends to describe a preliminary study of students' critical and creative thinking skill profiles at one of the State High Schools in Madiun, East Java, as well as their empowerment efforts. The type of research carried out was quantitative descriptive. The research population was students who had received virus material. This study's data collection used questionnaires and essay questions adjusted to the sub-indicators of critical and creative thinking skills. The findings indicated that 86.4% of pupils encountered difficulties comprehending virus-related content. The learning method that is often used is the conventional method, the learning resources that were often used were textbooks and PowerPoint as a frequently used learning medium. The correlation between the biology textbook used with critical thinking indicators is only 27.78% and 28.13% for creative thinking indicators. The profile of students' critical thinking skills obtained results of 32.23% (Interpretation), 28.97% (Analysis), 30.08% (Inference), 24.16% (Evaluation), 33.56% (Explanation), and 34.29% (Self-regulation). The profile of students' creative thinking skills obtained results of 37.07% (Fluency), 30.83% (Flexibility), 35.68% (Originality), and 27.96% (Elaboration). The conclusion is that students' critical and creative thinking skills are relatively low, so innovative learning is needed to empower these skills