Abstract
Oral melanoma is an aggressive malignant neoplasm of melanocytic origin. Immunosuppressive states, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and iatrogenic immunosuppression, are associated with an increased risk of melanoma development. We report the case of a 35-year-old female HIV-positive patient, who had abandoned treatment for her systemic condition, who presented with complaints of swelling in her mouth and neck and difficulty in deglutition during 10 months after tooth extraction. Extraoral examination revealed bilateral cervical lymphadenopathies. During intraoral clinical examination, a blackish, multilobulated tumor with a necrotic and ulcerated surface was observed, with painful symptomatology, bleeding on touch and disseminated throughout the palate and labial mucosa. Histologic sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) revealed fragments of malignant melanocytic lineage, with a diagnosis of oral melanoma. This case reinforces the importance of the stomatologist in the elucidation of cases of systemic diseases with manifestations in the mouth as well as in the direction of treatment.
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