Abstract
Melanoma is a malignant tumor arising in melanocytes from the basal layer of the epidermis and is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States. Melanoma is aggressive and easily metastasizes, and the survival rate is low. Nanotechnology-based diagnosis and treatment of melanoma have attracted increasing attention. Importantly, nano drug delivery systems have the advantages of increasing drug solubility, enhancing drug stability, prolonging half-life, optimizing bioavailability, targeting tumors, and minimizing side effects; thus, these systems can facilitate tumor cytotoxicity to achieve effective treatment of melanoma. In this review, we discuss current nanosystems used in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma, including lipid systems, inorganic nanoparticles, polymeric systems, and natural nanosystems. The excellent characteristics of novel and effective drug delivery systems provide a basis for the broad applications of these systems in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma, particularly metastatic melanoma.
Highlights
Epidemiology of MelanomaMelanoma is a type of malignant tumor derived from melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis
Many studies have evaluated the relationships between molecular biological characteristics, clinical histological characteristics, and gene variations in melanoma in recent years, and the results have shown that specific types of melanoma are related to specific gene variations; scholars have proposed a new classification method based on molecular biological characteristics, which is more conducive to the application of clinical diagnosis and treatment [4–6]
Current therapy for melanoma has reached a limit of clinical responses
Summary
Ning Z (2022) Melanoma and Nanotechnology-Based Treatment. Melanoma is a malignant tumor arising in melanocytes from the basal layer of the epidermis and is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States. Nanotechnology-based diagnosis and treatment of melanoma have attracted increasing attention. Nano drug delivery systems have the advantages of increasing drug solubility, enhancing drug stability, prolonging half-life, optimizing bioavailability, targeting tumors, and minimizing side effects; these systems can facilitate tumor cytotoxicity to achieve effective treatment of melanoma. We discuss current nanosystems used in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma, including lipid systems, inorganic nanoparticles, polymeric systems, and natural nanosystems. The excellent characteristics of novel and effective drug delivery systems provide a basis for the broad applications of these systems in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma, metastatic melanoma
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