Melanocytic Lesions of the Central Nervous System

Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) melanocytic lesions are relatively uncommon and range from benign primary pigmented CNS lesions to aggressive malignant neoplasms. Primary CNS neoplasms include diffuse leptomeningeal melanocytosis and melanomatosis, melanocytoma, and primary malignant melanoma. Other CNS neoplasms that may show melanin pigment deposition include melanotic schwannoma, melanocytic medulloblastoma, and rarely other neuroepithelial neoplasms. These lesions may be difficult to distinguish from metastatic malignant melanoma. Clinicopathological correlation is important in this distinction and is crucial in helping to determine the prognosis and management of patients with these tumors.