Abstract
Melamine polyphosphate, MPP was applied as reactive and additive flame retardant for thermally resistant polyurethane foams. MPP was hydroxyalkylated with ethylene and propylene carbonates to get oligoetherols with 1,3,5-triazine ring and phosphorus. The structure and physical properties of the products were studied. The polyurethane foams, PUFs obtained from this oligoetherols were self-distinguishing. The addition of powdered MPP into foaming mixture resulted in further decrease of flammability modified PUFs. The MPP-modified PUFs were characterized by physical methods adequate to thermal resistance and flammability of the PUFs. The best MPP-modified PUF showed oxygen index 24.6. All the modified PUFs were remarkably thermally resistant; they could stand long lasting thermal exposure even at 200 °C.
Highlights
Oligoetherols with incorporated 1,3,5-triazine ring (II) can be obtained from melamine (I) and excess alkylene carbonates, like ethylene (EC) or propylene (PC) carbonates:[1,2]Thermally resistant polyurethane foams from these polyetherols, water and isocyanates have been obtained.[3]
We have described here the results of our attempts on Melamine polyphosphate (MPP) as reactive and additive retardant for PUFs of enhanced thermal stability and increased flammability
Hydroxyalkylation of MPP cannot be performed by oxiranes in DMSO or DMF, in contrary to melamine.[23]
Summary
Oligoetherols with incorporated 1,3,5-triazine ring (II) can be obtained from melamine (I) and excess alkylene carbonates, like ethylene (EC) or propylene (PC) carbonates:[1,2]. Resistant polyurethane foams (trPUFs) from these polyetherols, water and isocyanates have been obtained.[3] Classic PUFs undergo decomposition at temperatures above 90 °C,4,5 while trPUFs with 1,3,5-triazine rings are resistant against long lasting heating even at 200 °C.6. This renders them useful materials as thermal isolators. The simultaneous modification of PUFs with nitrogen and phosphorus is desirable due to synergy between those two elements.[10,11,12] the best known flame retardants are ammonium phosphates and melamine and MPP.[13] Addition of flame retardants decreases the percentage of flammable parts of composites. We have described here the results of our attempts on MPP as reactive and additive retardant for PUFs of enhanced thermal stability and increased flammability
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