Mejora de la caracterización mecánica de la madera estructural mediante el análisis espectral de los registros del georradar.

Abstract

[EN] This thesis includes the analysis, results and conclusions of the research performed in the application of the ground penetrating radar to evaluate structural timber using non-destructive methods. The main objective of this thesis is the possible application of the ground penetrating radar as a non destructive technique for improving the current visual classification of structural wood and evaluation of wooden structures to rehabilitate and reduce the discard of new structural timber sawmill. For this purpose have been tested pieces of new wood of Pinus sylvestris L, using a new methodology, which allows to be exported and applied to other species of structural timber. This new methodology is based on the analysis of the spectrum, and not on the search of the image of the defect of wood //wood's defect in the radargrama. This new methodology goes beyond what has been investigated to date regarding the ground penetrating radar and the radargrams images (where it had tried to identify defects of wood visually in the radargama: splits, knots, resin pockets...) by obtaining an image and its interpretation). It is a step forward in the study of the ground penetrating radar, as it have been studied its electromagnetic properties - spectrum of frequency- subsequently to the obtaining of the image. Which was an improvement of wood classification and its diagnosis. Visual classification has been applied to the analysis of the wooden parts, in accordance with the provisions of the standard UNE 56544:2011. Subsequently, the radar has been applied on the surface of the wood, and finally, it has been subjected to an axial flexural strength test. Once implementation of the results was carried out, the spectra of the radargrams have been analyzed, giving rise to a result of reliability and accuracy of 97,05% in the identification of singularities present in the wood by ground penetrating radar. This high percentage obtained allows to confirm the possible application of the ground penetrating radar in evaluation of structural timber as method of non-destructive testing, of complementary and decisive way. The results would allow the reduction of the disposal of the structural timber sawmill and the use of this technique for structural evaluation structures of wood to rehabilitate on-site or in the laboratory. Finally, the possible applications of this technique and future lines of research are proposed.; [ES] En la presente tesis se recoge el analisis, resultados y conclusiones del trabajo de investigacion realizado en la aplicacion del georradar para evaluar madera estructural por medio de metodos no destructivos. El principal objetivo de esta tesis es la posible aplicacion del georradar como tecnica no destructiva para mejorar la actual clasificacion visual de la madera estructural y mejorar asi la evaluacion de estructuras de madera a rehabilitar y reducir el descarte de madera estructural nueva en aserradero. Para ello se han ensayado piezas de madera nueva de Pinus sylvestris L, utilizando una metodologia novedosa, que…