Meiofaunal Adaptation to Environmental Variability and Human Trampling of Tropical Sandy Beaches at Goa, India

Za Ansari

doi:10.19080/ofoaj.2021.13.555851

Abstract

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is one of the most commonly used dietary and nutritional supplements and is known to be a potent antioxidant. There are two forms of CoQ10 including ubiquinone (oxidized form) and ubiquinol (reduced form) that are produced in the mitochondria [1-2]. CoQ10 is an essential component in the mitochondrial electron transport chain that plays a role in synthesis of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) and scavenging free radicals. A deficiency in CoQ10 can cause cellular energetic impairment and decreased antioxidant defensive mechanisms. Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) often have a reduction in CoQ10 and are prone to oxidative stress.

Highlights

IntroductionBeach management focuses largely on maximizing the recreational activities for more beach users at commercial scale
Sandy beaches are valuable ecosystem and are main attractant all over world
This study further demonstrated the use of meiofauna in the health assessment of sandy beaches

Summary

Introduction

Beach management focuses largely on maximizing the recreational activities for more beach users at commercial scale. The destructive effect of trampling on larger macrobenthic organisms od sandy beaches have been documented [4,5]. Beach recreation and trampling is reported to lower abundance and diversity of macro benthic invertebrates [6]. Studies on the effect of anthropogenic activities on smaller metazoans is still rare and negligible [7]. The, knowledge of the effects of different intensities of anthropic activities is essential for the management, conservation, and sustainable tourism policies [8]. The short life span of smaller metazoans, high numerical abundance and remarkable physiological adaptation to extreme conditions make them more suitable for the assessment of climate change and anthropogenic disturbances such as beach trampling [9]

Methods

Findings

Discussion

Conclusion