Mehr soziale Teilhabe für Hörgeschädigte durch Cochlea-Implantate? Zur Ambivalenz der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion und zum Stellenwert psycho-sozialer Begleitung

Abstract

Cochlea implants help persons that suffer from deafness over time to regain hearing capacity. However, persons with CI implants experience year-long processes of adapting to technology-assisted hearing. The study highlights how people experience those processes and how they deal with changing expectations. Within this qualitative study, 50 cochlear implant recipients were interviewed about their personal experiences with the supplying clinics. 30 persons were recruited through self-help groups; another 20 persons were recruited through a learning center for hearing-impaired persons. They were asked about their experiences in social, cultural and professional participation as well as hearing barriers they still face in everyday life after their CI fitting. Participants had been wearing CI devices for a maximum of three years. This is a timeframe when most subsequent therapies have ended. Also, the initial phase of learning to handle the CI is supposed to be over. The study shows that even with a cochlear implant communication barriers remain. People's expectations are not met when complete comprehension of listening during conversations is not achieved. Difficulties in dealing with a high-tech hearing prosthesis and experiencing a "foreign body" are obstacles that lower acceptance of CI. Counselling and support preparing the use of cochlea implants should be guided by realistic goals and expectations. Guided training and communication courses can help, including local care such as certified hearing aid acousticians. Those elements can increase quality and reduce uncertainty.