Abstract
Twenty-one species of Megalastrum are here recognised for Central America. A dichotomous indented key is given to identify the species, and each species is provided with a description, complete synonymy, discussion, specimens examined, and illustrations. Eight new species are described: Megalastrum apicale R. C. Moran & J. Prado, M. costipubens R. C. Moran & J. Prado, M. glabrum R. C. Moran & J. Prado, M. gompholepis R. C. Moran & J. Prado, M. intermedium R. C. Moran & J. Prado, M. longiglandulosum R. C. Moran & J. Prado, M. mexicanum R. C. Moran & J. Prado, and M. sparsipilosum R. C. Moran & J. Prado. Two new combinations are made: M. galeottii (M. Martens) R. C. Moran & J. Prado and M. heydei (C. Chr.) R. C. Moran & J. Prado. The central mountains of Costa Rica and Panama are the most species-rich region in Central America, harbouring 15 species, 10 of which are endemic.
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