Abstract
Propagation fluctuations have been observed at low acoustic frequencies which vary at rates that far exceed those predicted by simple Lloyd mirror effects. A detailed analysis has been performed for a representative deep water site and the probable cause identified. The source is multipath interaction between the principal propagation mode and the modes just below it in energy. The fluctuation distribution is well fit by a Rician curve and a quantitative comparison between calculated and measured data show excellent agreement. This result is significant in that it implies that (1) the temporal fluctuations observed in the ocean may be related to platform motion and (2) these spatial fluctuations can be modified through array design, possibly resulting in improved signal detection statistics.
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