Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase enhances invasion and metastasis ability of breast cancer cells

Abstract

To investigate the effect of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACADM) on invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells and explore the underlying mechanism. A large cancer genome database was used to analyze the expression of ACADM in breast cancer tissues and normal tissues. The proliferation, migration and invasion of cultured breast cancer MCF-7 and T47D cells with ACADM overexpression or ACADM silencing were evaluated using MTT proliferation assay, EdU assay, Transwell chamber assay, and Boyden invasion assay; Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of the related pathway in the cells. In nude mouse models of tail vein metastasis of MCF-7 cells with or without ACADM overexpression, the tumor growth and tumor histopathology were observed using HE staining. Analysis of the Oncomine sample set showed a significantly higher expression level of ACADM in breast cancer tissues than in normal breast tissues (P < 0.05). Overexpression of ACADM obviously enhanced the migration and invasion abilities and promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cultured MCF-7 and T47D cells; conversely, silencing of ACADM significantly suppressed the migration and invasion of the breast cancer cells. In the nude mouse models, ACADM overexpression in MCF-7 cells significantly enhanced their in vivo migration and invasion abilities. ACADM can promote the EMT process of breast cancer cells and improve the migration and invasion ability. ACADM is an oncogene in breast cancer.