Abstract
Abstract Geophysical techniques (fluxgate gradiometry and magnetic susceptibility) have been applied to ten iron and two lead smelting sites in the North Yorkshire Moors National Park and the Pennines, respectively. These geophysical techniques, particularly magnetometry, are often regarded as having little application on such sites. Large quantities of iron slag, for example, can mask structures associated with the on-site industrial activity, and this may result in the incomplete or erroneous interpretation of the geophysical data. Geophysical surveys can, however, identify the strong magnetic anomalies associated with iron-smelting furnaces and to a lesser extent those associated with lead smelting. To provide a valid interpretation of such geophysical data it is important to understand the processes that have been conducted on iron and lead smelting sites. This paper compares and contrasts the geophysical responses produced by iron and lead smelting sites and provides examples of the structures that geophysical techniques may reveal on smelting sites.
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