Medieval and Restoration Bricks: Water Transport (Hygric) and Microstructural Properties – A Compatibility Study

Abstract

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to analyze and ascertain the physical, hygric and mechanical properties of historical bricks, in order to deepen knowledge about the properties of existing historical building brick structures. Laboratory tests, such as density, water absorption and compressive strength, were conducted. In order to assess the microstructural characteristics of the tested bricks, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests were performed. These tests were conducted on clay bricks from four medieval buildings (14th Century) of great historical significance, as well as on those currently produced, in order to identify the similarities and differences between specific groups of material properties. The results of this study and previous research will form a basis for creating a database of complete information in terms of physic, hygric and mechanical properties of historical bricks from different time periods, from the Middle Ages to modern times. The results will supplement modeling programmes utilizing materials specific to Polish construction periods, which can help simulate, as closely as possible, humidity transfer in real conditions. Moreover, the results will lead to the development of a useful tool for selecting materials in restoration processes, that will correspond with those used historically.