MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN Durio zibethinus

Sarah Yew Yen Yee

doi:10.26480/mjsa.02.2021.82.89

Abstract

Durio zibethinus, commonly known as Durian, is an exotic Southeast Asian tropical fruit. More than the pungent aroma the fruit is well-known for, it is said to be beneficial to health as it contains many antioxidants and bioactive compounds that have different potentials for positive impacts on health. However, there is scant existing literature which gives an overview on the amounts of bioactive compounds in several varieties of durian in Southeast Asia, and the relevant health benefits. This review article therefore seeks to consolidate the literature which have identified bioactive compounds and investigated antioxidant activities in durian cultivars from Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and China, and studies that have given insight on potential medicinal properties of durians. A literature review was conducted using databases Scopus and ScienceDirect and a total of 30 articles were reviewed. Total polyphenols and flavonoids were highest in the Mon Thong cultivar compared to other Thailand varieties, and ripe or overripe durians were found to contain the highest amounts of polyphenols and flavonoids. Durians were also found to contain medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic potential, and protective effects on cardiac health. Further research on these bioactive compounds in the nutritious fruit with potential medicinal properties can contribute to the medicinal value of durians, as well as benefit the pharmaceutical industries.

Highlights

Durio zibethinus, more commonly known as Durian, is an exotic fruit from the tropical Durian fruit tree that falls under the hibiscus family, Malvaceae (Bombacaceae)
The flesh is not the only part containing compounds that could be potentially beneficial to health -- compounds in the seeds, rinds and hulls, which are usually considered as waste, have been studied and found to contain bioactive compounds (Wang and Li, 2011)
Studies have been done on how number of bioactive compounds found in durians varies with degree of ripening or different cultivars of durians, potential medicinal properties of durians, nutritional properties and potential as diet enhancers, as well as on anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer or antidiabetic potential (Leontowicz et al, 2007; Huang et al, 2020; Gorinstein et al, 2011; Evary and Muhammad, 2018)

Summary

Introduction

More commonly known as Durian, is an exotic fruit from the tropical Durian fruit tree that falls under the hibiscus family, Malvaceae (Bombacaceae). The portion of durian that is usually eaten by consumers is the soft, pulpy part called the flesh, while the seeds, rinds and hull are usually considered as waste. The flesh is not the only part containing compounds that could be potentially beneficial to health -- compounds in the seeds, rinds and hulls, which are usually considered as waste, have been studied and found to contain bioactive compounds (Wang and Li, 2011). Further research on these compounds can contribute to the medicinal value of durians, as well as benefit the pharmaceutical industries. Studies have been done on how number of bioactive compounds found in durians varies with degree of ripening or different cultivars of durians, potential medicinal properties of durians, nutritional properties and potential as diet enhancers, as well as on anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer or antidiabetic potential (Leontowicz et al, 2007; Huang et al, 2020; Gorinstein et al, 2011; Evary and Muhammad, 2018)

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Discussion

Conclusion