Medication management strategies by family caregivers of children with special healthcare needs.

Abstract

Little is known about the strategies utilized by family caregivers managing medications for their children with special healthcare needs (CSHCN), those who require higher than normal care due to their multifaceted healthcare needs. Medication management strategies are a set of methods or techniques developed or adapted by caregivers to overcome medication-related barriers and ensure successful therapeutic outcomes. An in-depth understanding of such strategies is a requisite first step toward developing interventions that support caregiver-mediated medication management. We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with 20 family caregivers of CSHCN who were recruited as part of a community engaged research between PurdueUniversityCollegeofPharmacy and IndianaFamilytoFamily. Interviews were conducted through zoom and audio recorded. Each participant was provided with a $50 honorarium. Interviews were professionally transcribed and content analyzed to generate categories of medication management strategies. Five overarching categories of medication management strategies were identified. These included (1) medications, supplies and equipment inventory management; (2) organizing and tracking medications, supplies and equipment; (3) medication-related communication, coordination and engagement; (4) medication administration and (5) researching and learning about medications. Within each category, caregivers developed or adapted specific strategies to overcome barriers in diverse care contexts (e.g., when interacting with healthcare systems, school staff or other members of their household). These findings can inform current clinical practice through improved awareness of different strategies employed by caregivers and lay a foundation to develop interventions designed to support caregiver mediated medication management.