Abstract
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the adherence of medications among type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. To evaluate adherence to therapy and study factors associated with non-adherence and adherence in patients with type II DM.
 Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted for 6 months in three hospitals. A total of 200 type II diabetic patients, who were on anti-diabetic drug therapy for at least 6 months, were enrolled. Blood glucose was measured and details of drug therapy were noted. Medication adherence was assessed using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale and adherence scores were calculated.
 Results: Only 15% had high medication adherence, while 24% had moderate and 61% had low medication adherence. Only 30% were having optimally controlled glycemic levels, whereas 70% were having uncontrolled glycemic levels. Medication adherence scores were lower (reflecting lower adherence) in type II patients with uncontrolled glycemic levels than those having optimally controlled glycemic levels, but this difference was not statistically significant.
 Conclusion: Overall, medication adherence was low in type II diabetic patients. The study shows that to improve medication adherence, better counseling and health education of patients are required. Although several patients were adherent to therapy, adherent patients are more preferably to achieve glycemic control than nonadherent patients. Greater efforts are needed to facilitate diabetes self-management behaviors to improve patient outcomes.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia accompanied by impairment in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
A sample of 200 diabetic patients who reported as type 1 and 2 diabetes, availability of a medical record at the diabetic clinic; a history of at least 1 year of DM; currently being under medical care for diabetes; and willingness to participate in this study are included in the study
Antidiabetic medication adherence between diabetics, according to controlled and uncontrolled glycemic levels We found that only 30% were having controlled blood glucose, whereas 70% were having uncontrolled blood glucose despite being on drug
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia accompanied by impairment in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Most patients with DM have either Type 1 DM (which is immune-mediated or idiopathic) or Type 2 DM (non-insulin dependent DM) is the most widely recognized type of DM characterized by insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and relative insulin deficiency. The effectiveness of the treatment for diabetes relies upon the degree of medication adherence towards the endorsed treatment. As per the World Health Organization (WHO), guideline adherence is up to, which degree an individual behavior; following a diet, receiving medication, and executing lifestyle changes corresponds with recommendations from the health care provider [3]. Non-adherence to medication is most basic among patients with diabetes [4]. Medication adherence is essential for successful treatment in patients with DM results in a better outcome, for example, hemoglobin A1C values, reduces the risk of hospitalization and mortality as well as the health care costs will be diminished [5]
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