Abstract
Silver nitrate has been used for centuries for the treatment of a variety of diseases and in the prevention of infection. Silver nitrate exerts astringent, cauterizing and corrosive effects, as well as antimicrobial activities. Silver nitrate injection therapy has a long history of use in urology. It is reportedly effective for hemorrhagic cystitis, interstitial cystitis, renal hematuria and chyluria. The present review article summarizes the medical applications of silver nitrate in urology. The published studies available on the medical uses of silver nitrate are essentially older and retrospective, involving smaller numbers of patients. In the absence of comparative studies with other treatments, it is thus impossible to determine the relative benefits of silver nitrate. However, the outcomes of silver nitrate therapy have been fairly well established. Silver nitrate therapy may prove to be a treatment option for patients who are poor candidates for invasive treatment. Further studies on the uses of silver nitrate however, are required, and improvements also need to be made in the injection technique to reduce the rate of complications.
Highlights
The use of silver for the treatment or prevention of infection dates back to at least 4,000 B.C.E. [1]
The present review article summarizes the medical applications of silver nitrate in urology
Interstitial cystitis is considered a disease of unknown etiology, and the main symptoms include bladder pain, and urinary frequency and urgency [17]
Summary
The reflux and extravasation of silver nitrate from the upper urinary tract has been observed in a patient with severe cyclo‐ phosphamide cystitis who received intravesical therapy with a 1% silver nitrate solution for 20 min, resulting in secondary retroperitoneal inflammation [15]. Interstitial cystitis is considered a disease of unknown etiology, and the main symptoms include bladder pain, and urinary frequency and urgency [17]. It may be associated with recurrent, severe bladder pain in the presence of Hunner's ulcers.
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