Abstract
Medical imaging plays a major role in clinical diagnosis and treatment, allowing radiologists to examine specific sections of the human body without using invasive surgical procedures. Current imaging technologies provide a wide range of possibilities for the imaging of organs, chief among them X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasonography (US), and positron emission tomography (PET). The medical images obtained by various imaging modalities are interpreted by radiologists. However, the visual analysis of these medical images by the radiologist is time consuming, subjective, and inaccurate. Hence, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems play a vital role in clinical decision making by assisting the radiologist in the fast and accurate diagnosis of diseases. They can detect and diagnose the disease by automatically analyzing medical images. Consequently, many CAD systems have been developed, and it is an active research area in medical imaging. This chapter presents clinical applications, challenges, and future directions of CAD technology in medical imaging.
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