Abstract
This paper presents an educational mobile assistant application for type 1 diabetes patients. The proposed application is based on four mathematical models that describe the glucose-insulin-glucagon dynamics using a compartmental model, with additional equations to reproduce aerobic exercise, gastric glucose absorption by the gut, and subcutaneous insulin absorption. The medical assistant was implemented in Java and deployed and validated on several smartphones with Android OS. Multiple daily doses can be simulated to perform intensive insulin therapy. As a result, the proposed application shows the influence of exercise periods, food intakes, and insulin treatments on the glucose concentrations. Four parameter variations are studied, and their corresponding glucose concentration plots are obtained, which show agreement with simulators of the state of the art. The developed application is focused on type-1 diabetes, but this can be extended to consider type-2 diabetes by modifying the current mathematical models.
Highlights
In recent years, obesity and overweight have become a severe problem for human health
It is a mathematical model with experimental parameters
Different research groups have reported important works related with the implementations of compartmental models to develop glucose level simulators, for example, in [20,21] are presented a glucose forecasting algorithm based on a compartmental composite model of glucose-insulin dynamics
Summary
Obesity and overweight have become a severe problem for human health. In 2014 more than 1.9 billion adults aged 18 and older were overweight globally, from which over 600 million were obese. In 2014, more than 422 million people had diabetes in the world, with a global prevalence of 8.5% among adults over 18 years old. Sci. 2020, 10, 6846 were directly caused by diabetes, and another 2.2 million deaths were attributable to high blood glucose [2]. In Mexico, about 72.5% of adults from 18 years and over, 36.3% of teenagers, and 33.2% of children were overweight or obese in 2016. Recent statistics show that 9.17% of adults from 18 years (about 6.4 million people) have diabetes [6].
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