Mediation Analysis of the Relationships between God Locus of Control and Health Behaviors in College Students

Abstract

The aim of this research was to examine whether self-efficacy, social support, congregational social support, or divine support mediate the relationship between college students’ religious/spiritual health locus of control and health behaviors of physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, and dietary fat intake. Participants included 838 college students at two public universities in the southeastern United States that completed online surveys of God locus of health control, physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, and dietary fat and self-efficacy, social support, congregational social support, and divine support. Mediation was tested with product of coefficients approach. Results showed that congregational social support mediated the relationship between God locus of health control and physical activity. There was no evidence of mediation for any of the other health behaviors or mediators. Individuals that utilize God as a health source for locus of control have higher perceived religious social coping and support, which relates to their physical activity behaviors. Implications are for health and fitness practitioners within settings that incorporate faith, congregations, and social interaction.