Abstract
BackgroundIt has previously been established that patients who have strong barriers to their diet self-management are more likely to have weak social support; however, the key mechanisms underlying the association between these two variables have not yet been established. This study aims to examine the potential role that diet self-efficacy plays in the relationship between social support and diet behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsIt was a cross-sectional survey. Three hundred-eighty patients diagnosed with T2DM were recruited for this study from five community health centers in China. The Chronic Disease Resource Scale (CIRS), Cardiac Diet Self-efficacy Scale (CDSE), and Food Control Behavior Scale (FCBS) were used to estimate participants’ utilization of social resources, diet self-efficacy, and diet self-management, respectively. The data were analyzed utilizing structural equation modelling.ResultsThe results suggest that both higher levels of social support and diet self-efficacy are related to higher levels of diet self-management. The mediating effect that diet self-efficacy has on the relationship between social support and diet self-management was significant (β = .30, p < .05), explaining 55.68% of the total effect of social support on diet self-management.ConclusionsDiet self-efficacy plays a mediating role in the association between social support and diet behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Highlights
It has previously been established that patients who have strong barriers to their diet selfmanagement are more likely to have weak social support; the key mechanisms underlying the association between these two variables have not yet been established
The PRECEDE model recommends that the causes of health problems be analyzed from multiple perspectives, taking into account multiple determinants of diet behavior; very few previous studies have focused on the efficacy of the PRECEDE model in regard to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
The results indicated that individuals with high levels of social support barriers tend to have low levels of diet self-efficacy, which in turn can lead to poor diet behavior
Summary
It has previously been established that patients who have strong barriers to their diet selfmanagement are more likely to have weak social support; the key mechanisms underlying the association between these two variables have not yet been established. A chronic condition characterized by high blood glucose levels [1], is a global public health concern [2]. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health issue, and approximately 415 million adults have been diagnosed with T2DM worldwide. In China, the prevalence of T2DM increased from 0.67 to 11.6% between 1980 and 2010, and there are no signs of this rise abating [5]; A large national survey showed that 12.8% of adults aged 18 and older living in mainland China had diabetes in 2017. The total number of patients with diabetes in China is estimated to be 129.8 million [6]. It is estimated that health expenditure in China relating to diabetes will reach 7.45–14 million US dollars by 2030 [8]
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