Abstract
To present our experience with mediastinal parathyroid cysts and summarize previously reported cases. We retrospectively reviewed medical records and reviewed the pertinent literature. The clinical, operative, and pathologic findings in 7 cases of mediastinal parathyroid cysts encountered at one institution and 31 cases previously reported in the literature are described. Rarely, cysts may arise from an aberrant mediastinal parathyroid gland. Such cysts may manifest as a symptomatic mass, as an asymptomatic finding on roentgenography, or during the assessment of a patient with hyperparathyroidism. The diagnosis may be made by fine-needle aspiration or by excision and pathologic examination. Functioning parathyroid cysts represent degeneration of a hyperfunctioning gland, such as an adenoma, and are usually removed through a cervical approach. Nonfunctioning cysts in asymptomatic patients with normal serum calcium levels are considered indeterminate and should be managed accordingly. Excision is usually recommended.
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