Mediastinal and Subcutaneous Emphysema Complicating Bronchial Asthma I. Clinical Studies of 52 Cases

Abstract

Fifty five episodes of mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema in 52 asthmatic patients, 38 males and 17 females, were experienced at Doai Memorial Hospital during the past 16 years, 1964 to 1980. Age distribution ranged from 2 to 21 years of age, the highest incidence was observed at 12 years of age, especially in autumn (61.2%). The incidence of these complications in moderate to severe asthmatic attacks ranged from 0.305% in October to 0%in January with an average incidence of 0.16%. Extra-pulmonary air disappeared within 11 days after onset in all cases. The occurrence was associated with upper respiratory infection (85.5%) and also followed a severe attack of asthma. There was a significant correlation between the age of onset and the duration of asthma (r = 0.91, Y = 0.95X - 1.99, p<0.001), but no apparent relationship between the complication and corticosteroid dose. This complication did not occur following mechanical ventilation in all but two cases. Conservative and nonsurgical approach as well as careful observations were recommended.