Abstract
Lead-free piezoelectric 0.95(Na0.49K0.49Li0.02)(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3–0.05CaZrO3 with 2 wt % MnO2 addition was prepared using mechanochemically-assisted solid-state synthesis. Upon mechanochemical activation of the mixture of reagents partial amorphization occurs which contributes to a significantly lower temperature of completion of the solid-state reaction, ~600 °C as opposed to ~700 °C for the conventional solid-state synthesis as determined by thermal analysis. The ceramic specimens prepared by the mechanochemically-assisted route exhibit improved compositional homogeneity and slightly enhanced piezoelectric properties, achieved in a considerably shorter processing time compared to the conventional solid-state synthesis route, which was studied as a reference.
Highlights
IntroductionHreščak et al reported that even the choice of the Nb2 O5 precursor (orthorhombic or monoclinic polymorph) can influence the homogeneity of the KNN solid solution [8]
Considerable effort, fueled by worldwide regulations restricting the use of lead in electronic devices [2], has been devoted to further improve the piezoelectric properties of KNN-based solid solutions, considered among the most promising lead-free piezoceramics [3]
The aim of the present paper is to study the influence of a powerful synthetic technique, i.e., mechanochemical activation, on the reaction pathways and functional properties of promising piezoelectric KNLNT-CZ ceramics
Summary
Hreščak et al reported that even the choice of the Nb2 O5 precursor (orthorhombic or monoclinic polymorph) can influence the homogeneity of the KNN solid solution [8]. This issue is pronounced in complex solid solutions, where in pursuit of a higher piezoelectric coefficient d33 , compositions on phase boundaries are constructed by introducing additional elements as substituents on A- and B-sites of the KNN perovskite lattice [9,10,11]. In the case of the Li- and Ta-modified KNN (KNLNT) solid solution, it was found that the inhomogeneous distribution of the A-site (K, Na) and B
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