Abstract
Fluorapatite-zinc oxide (FAp-ZnO) composite nanopowders were successfully prepared via mechanochemical process. Characterization of the products was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques. Results revealed that in the absence of ZnO which produced by hydrothermal method, the single-phase FAp had high-crystalline structure with appropriate morphological features. Furthermore, after 5 h of milling in the presence of 5 wt.% ZnO, FAp-5 wt.% ZnO, composite nanopowders with no impurity phase was obtained. Structural studies illustrated that the milling up to 5 h was not accompanied by a remarkable change in the structural features. Moreover, the gained composite powders presented an average crystallite size of about 40 nm for FAp. The FE-SEM observations indicated that the experimental outcome had a cluster-like structure which consisted of several small particles. Finally, results propose a new approach to prepare commercial amounts of novel FAp-based composite nanopowders with high quality and suitable structural and morphological features.
Highlights
Bioceramics and their composites are potential group of materials for medical applications, for implants in orthopaedics, maxillofacial surgery, and dental implants [1]
We investigate the possibility of using mechanochemical process to synthesis of Fluorapatite-zinc oxide (FAp-ZnO) composite nanopowders
Since interfacial reactions result in the formation of new phases, influence densification, mechanical properties and even degrade the biological properties of the composites [7], the obtained product is well preferred for functional applications
Summary
Bioceramics and their composites are potential group of materials for medical applications, for implants in orthopaedics, maxillofacial surgery, and dental implants [1]. Fluoridated hydroxyapatite could provide better protein adsorption [5] and comparable or better cell attachment than HAp [6]. This substitution has positive effects on proliferation, morphology, and differentiation of osteoblastic-like cells and promotes the bioactivity [4]. Due to the remarkable interest related to the specific properties of the calcium phosphate-based composites [7,8,9,10,11,12,13], recent studies were focused mostly on the synthesis and characterization of HAp- and FHAp-based nanocomposites with appropriate structural features as well as mechanical properties. The prominent features of this technique are that melting is not essential and that the products have nanostructural characteristics [17, 19, 20]
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