Abstract
Barium titanate is a ferroelectric perovskite with unique electric properties; therefore, it is widely applied in the fabrication of inorganic coatings or thin films, capacitors, or in the production of devices for energy storage and conversion. This paper describes the mechanochemical synthesis of BaTiO3 from BaO and TiO2 using a ball mill. XRD analysis allowed concluding that barium titanate was formed after 90 min of mechanochemical grinding. It was also proved by spectroscopic analysis and the band corresponding to Ti–O vibrations on obtained Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectra. The specific surface area of obtained powder was 25.275 m2/g. Next, formed perovskite was dispersed in an acrylic poly(ethylene glycol) (superabsorbent polymer suspension, SAP) suspension prepared using microwave radiation. Final suspensions differed in the concentration of SAP applied. It was proven that the increase of SAP concentration does not affect the acidity of the suspension, but it does increase its dynamic viscosity. A sample with 83 wt.% of SAP reached a value of approximately 140 mPa∙s. Dispersions with higher values of SAP mass fraction exhibited lower sedimentation rates. Molecules such as SAP may adsorb to the surface of particles and thus prevent their agglomeration and make them well monodispersed. Based on the performed experiments, it can be concluded that acrylic poly(ethylene glycol) suspension is a suitable fluid that may stabilize barium titanate dispersions.
Highlights
Barium titanate is an inorganic compound that due to its interesting properties has attracted particular attention recently
The synthesis of barium titanate proceeds according to the following reaction (Equation (1)): BaO++TiO
The mechanochemical process proceeding with the use of a ball mill is a suitable technique applied for successful synthesis of perovskites such as barium titanate
Summary
Barium titanate is an inorganic compound that due to its interesting properties has attracted particular attention recently. This is a ferroelectric perovskite with a wide area of applications [1]. Its interesting properties result from its different forms, depending on the temperature. Within the temperature range of 0–130 ◦ C, the ferroelectric tetragonal phase of BaTiO3 is stable, and when the temperature is above 130 ◦ C, it shows stability in a paraelectric cubic phase [2]. Interesting is the use of barium titanates for the fabrication of capacitors or ultracapacitors.
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