Mechanisms of resistance in Brassica carinata, B. napus and B. juncea to Pseudocercosporella capsellae

Abstract

Studies were undertaken to compare susceptible and resistant host responses to Pseudocercosporella capsellae in cotyledons of Brassica carinata, B. juncea and B. napus in order to define the mechanisms of resistance in these three species. On both resistant and susceptible hosts, hyphal penetration was always through stomatal openings and without infection pegs or appressoria. On resistant B. carinata ATC94129P, up to 72% of spores disintegrated and, generally, germination (<22%) and germ tube lengths (<25 μm) were comparatively low. Resistant B. napus Hyola 42 had the lowest germination (8%) and susceptible B. carinata UWA#012 had the highest (51%). On resistant B. carinata ATC94129P, germ tube extension was impeded across 24–60 h post‐inoculation (hpi) and percentage stomatal penetration lower (4%) at 60 hpi compared with susceptible B. carinata UWA#012 (26%). Stomatal densities (stomata/14 757 μm2) on resistant B. juncea Dune (2·12) and B. napus Hyola 42 (1·62) were lower than for susceptible B. juncea Vardan (2·40) and B. napus Trilogy (2·03). Resistant B. carinata ATC94129P had greater stomatal density (1·89) than susceptible B. carinata UWA#012 (1·58). Overall, B. juncea had greater stomatal density (2·26) compared with B. napus (1·83) and B. carinata (1·74). In resistant B. carinata ATC94129P, P. capsellae induced 28% stomata to close, while in susceptible B. carinata UWA#012 no such closure was induced. Epicuticular wax crystalloids were present only on resistant B. carinata ATC94129P and probably also contribute towards resistance.