Abstract
A nozzle type reactor with provision for gas removal has been studied for the neutralisation of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid with sodium carbonate solution. Gas was removed via a central air core so that the product was essentially foam-free. The rate of mixing and the chemical reaction between dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid and sodium carbonate solution, were observed to be much faster than the liquid residence time so complete conversion into the product was achieved within seconds. Some gas bubbles were entrained in the product: however these were negligible compared with the bulk of the gas bubbles expelled at the top of the reactor. The criteria for gas removal was that the time for bubbles to travel to the air core under the prevailing centripetal force was less than the liquid phase residence time in the reactor. Mathematical models were therefore proposed to predict the equilibrium bubble diameter and the time for bubble travel to the core. Predicted times were found to be very much less than the average residence time.
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