Mechanisms of formation of tubulointerstitional renal impairment at the initial stages of experimental diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Tubulointerstitial disorders were studied in 11-day long experimental alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus. We concluded that changes in the concentration gradients of sodium and potassium are already observed at the early stages of pathology and indicate the initiation of tubular dysfunction accompanied by intensification of natriuresis and kaliuresis. Despite regulatory control of the renal countercurrent multiplication system and intensification of sodium and potassium reabsorption at the level of the ascending Henle loop, further progression of tubulopathy, in addition to the relative insufficiency of the proximal and distal tubules, will result in the disturbance of hormonal-dependent reabsorption of cations, inhibition of aldosterone- and vasopressin-dependent mechanisms of interstitial osmolarity regulation with the development of tubulointerstitial disorders that unable adequate osmotic concentration of urine. Keywords: experimental diabetes mellitus, alloxan, concentration gradient of sodium and potassium, tubulointerstitial renal impairment.