Abstract
Dermatophytosis is a dermatophyte fungi infection most commonly found in animals and humans. The first step of infection is started from the attachment of arthroconidium into stratum corneum. The attachment of fungi to the host cell is mediated by fungi adhesin and its interaction with the host receptor. The objective of this research was to develop the infection model of Microsporum gypseum and Microsporum canis by inoculating the macroconidia intradermally on the rabbit model. The macroconidia collection method from culture media was re-visualized as fungi ultrastructure using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Skin lesion analysis was measured from clinical changes of the skin based on primary dermatophytosis signs such as circular alopecia with erythema and squamosal. Clinical confirmation test was done via skin sampling followed by histopathological examination using Methenamine Silver—Grocott’s (GMS) staining. As a result of this research, the in vivo infection model through direct infection of macroconidia applied intradermally was very effective in improving the direct infection to the invasion phase on the skin. This model confirmed the epidermal differentiation process and skin permeability showed primary lesion within 2 hours and aggravated up to 6 hours after inoculation. In conclusion, macroconidium is a potential source of infection to induce the dermatophytosis model and the severity of primary injection correlated with duration and the scale of clinical symptoms exhibited. This is a promising model for further research on the mechanism involved in dermatophyte infection.
Highlights
Dermatophytosis or tinea is a skin disease caused by dermatophyte fungi that can infect a cat, dog, cow, sheep, goat, horse, camel, monkey, rabbit, experimental animals, and human
M. gypseum dermatophyte obtained from cat clinical isolate and M. canis obtained from dog clinical isolate were managed to be grown in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) medium, from which macroconidia of said dermatophytes were obtained
The lesion started to be seen on day 1 up to day 3 p.i. signified by inflammation in the form of edema and erythema on the skin [23]
Summary
Dermatophytosis or tinea is a skin disease caused by dermatophyte fungi that can infect a cat, dog, cow, sheep, goat, horse, camel, monkey, rabbit, experimental animals, and human. Dermatophyte is the most common cause of fungal infection in the world [1]. Dermatophyte fungi within the genus microsporum, trichophyton, and epidermophyton cause various infections in the skin keratin layer. Dermatophyte fungi which are keratolytic cause damage to the skin (epidermis and dermis), hair, and nail [2, 3]. Dermatophytosis cases often found in pet and domesticated animals, and can even infect humans. Dermatophytosis in Bali cow has been reported by (7), causing economic loss to farmers. [8] stated that more than USD 500.000.000 per year is spent for dermatophytosis treatment in the world. There is a need for continuous research development on dermatophytosis
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