Mechanisms of Antiangiogenic-Induced Arterial Hypertension

Abstract

Antiangiogenic therapy has emerged as an important concept in the treatment of solid tumors. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) represents an important therapeutic target, as it is the primary mediator of angiogenesis and is induced by multiple tumor-relevant stimuli. Arterial hypertension has been commonly reported in all clinical trials testing inhibitors of angiogenesis (especially inhibitors of VEGF/VEGFR-2 signalling), with incidence ranging from 11% to 43% in all studies. The mechanism of elevated blood pressure in patients treated with antiangiogenic agents is not fully understood, but it is probably multifactorial, involving endothelial dysfunction and capillary rarefaction. Recently, several studies have suggested that early blood pressure rise was associated with better antitumoral efficacy and improved prognosis, making this commonly observed effect a promising marker of efficacy.