Abstract
This paper described the mechanism of valence change in Mandailing language. The concept of valence refers to the number of arguments a verb that serves as a predicate in a clause can present. Changing the valence of verbs in Mandailing through a causative process causes the verbs to experience an increase in valence. This study was included a qualitative descriptive study, in which the method is a study of language typology and the data analyzed based on the problems discussed using the method Agih. The results of the data analysis of this study are presented using an informal method in the form of explanation or exposure using ordinary words or verbal language. The determinants used by this method are the language elements in the Mandailing language. The purpose of this study was to find what types of verbs in the Mandailing language can experience changes in valence, symptoms, and their process of change, and the semantic role of these verbs. The data analysis from this study was obtained through the observation method and the proficient method with informants; based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that changes in the valence of the Mandailing language occur mainly in intransitive, transitive, transitive verbs, which are grouped into symptoms that cause valence reduction and valence expansion. This study is also expected to inspire some researchers interested in the mechanism of valence change in Mandailing language, either micro or macro.
Highlights
Luciens Jesmiere (1959) was a French linguistic scientist who discovered that the use of terminology in which he tried to use the term valence in chemistry and applied it to linguistics was aimed at syntactic relationships describing the existence of a compound of elements or the compounding of clause-building elements or sentences in the language
The Valence changes in the verb in Mandailing language suggest that this section focused only on the study of verb predicate Mandailing clauses mainly related to constructing clauses or sentences with intransitive verbs and transitive verbs
The verb “eat” can be changed to two valences, in clause he eats apples, but can be reduced to one valence when he eats. This is called valence reduction, same within verb manabusi "buy," which in marker ma- can change from one valence to two valences in Mandailing language
Summary
Luciens Jesmiere (1959) was a French linguistic scientist who discovered that the use of terminology in which he tried to use the term valence in chemistry and applied it to linguistics was aimed at syntactic relationships describing the existence of a compound of elements or the compounding of clause-building elements or sentences in the language. This explanation is represented by Verhaar (2012) he asserted the traditional classification of verbs called "transitive" and "intransitive." This classification is the term "valence," i.e., one or so-called intransitive verbs, or which have more than one valence, i.e., two or three are called transitive verbs, these two forms seem to be completely different. The valence ascent process is the addition of new arguments to the core structure of the clause, such as ticking and ticking
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