Abstract
Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease which involves a variety of pathogenic factors such as autoimmune disorders, heredity and environment. T-helper cell(Th)1, Th2 and Th17 related cytokines play vital roles in TAO. The lately research shows that Tim3/Gal9 pathway, miRNA-146a and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ play key roles in Th1/Th2 differentiation and proliferation. Th17 can secrete interleukin-17, which is both pathogenic and non-pathogenic. The regulation of Th17 differentiation may improve the progression of TAO. Key words: Th1; Th2; Th17; Cytokine; Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
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